Which election process involves electors meeting to cast votes for president?

The Electoral College is the correct answer because it is the formal process established by the Constitution for electing the President and Vice President of the United States. This mechanism involves electors who are selected by each state to meet and cast their votes for the presidential candidates. Each state is allocated a number of electors equal to its total number of Senators and Representatives in Congress, and these electors typically pledge to vote for the candidate who receives the majority of the popular vote in their state. This process emphasizes the role of states in the election of the President and reflects the founding fathers' intention to balance direct democracy with a system of representative governance.

Other election processes mentioned do not involve this specific mechanism: the Direct Election Process suggests a straightforward nationwide popular vote, which is not how the U.S. elects its president, while the National Popular Vote refers to a movement aimed at modifying how electoral votes are allocated, rather than the current system as established by the Constitution. The Congressional Vote is not a recognized process for electing the President; it refers to the voting procedures used within Congress for legislative matters, unrelated to presidential elections.