Which Founding Father served as the first Chief Justice of the U.S.?

The first Chief Justice of the United States was John Jay. Appointed by President George Washington in 1789, Jay played a crucial role in shaping the early judiciary of the United States. As Chief Justice, he was instrumental in establishing the Supreme Court as a vital institution within the federal government. Jay's tenure laid the foundation for the court's authority and its role in interpreting the Constitution. This position was significant not only because it involved adjudicating legal disputes but also in defining the balance of power between the branches of government and solidifying the principle of judicial review, though that would evolve in later cases.

The other figures mentioned, while prominent Founding Fathers, served in different capacities. James Madison is often referred to as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in its drafting and advocating for the Bill of Rights. Alexander Hamilton, another key figure, was the first Secretary of the Treasury and a primary author of the Federalist Papers, which advocated for the ratification of the Constitution. George Washington, as the first President, was crucial in setting the precedents of the presidency itself but did not serve on the Supreme Court. Understanding the roles of these individuals helps clarify their contributions to the founding of the nation.